E-catalog        

Библиогр.: 21 назв.

В современную эпоху глобального капитализма возникает глобальный пролетарский класс. Рассматриваются концепции американских исследователей И. Несса, Д. Струны и М. Эннера, посвященные различным аспектам этого процесса. Автор предпри-нимает исследование продолжительности рабочего времени, производительности труда и продолжительности жизни как основных характеристик социального бытия пролетарских классов ведущих стран мира. The genesis of global capitalist society envisages the appearance of classes bracing the whole humanity – transnational (global) capitalist class and transnational (global) proletarian class. The concepts of American scholars I. Ness, D. Strun and M. Enner, dedicated to various aspects of existence of the global proletarian class, are discussed in the article. The author undertakes a research on the duration of working time, productivity of work and life time as the main characteristics of the social being of proletarian classes in the leading world countries. One of the indexes of development of the country’s productive powers is the use of industrial robots. The productive powers development and work productivity growth result in gradual displacement of manual work by intellectual work and in increase of the creative content of work. These processes lead to a decrease of working time and appearance of the free time phenomenon. The labor and trade union movement in Western countries and the example of the social policy in the USSR also contributed to a decrease in the duration of working time, but were of secondary significance. At the same time, the decrease of the set duration of labor at enterprises does not mean the “end of labor” since creative labor technically fills in the free time. The border between working time and free time in the conditions of high-tech economy vanishes. The analysis of the leading world countries demonstrates that life time depends not only on social and economic factors (income, quality and quantity of commodities, level of medicine and education, etc.), which is finally determined by the level of the country’s productive powers development. The geographic location (proximity to a warm sea or an ocean), climate and nature of national nutrition traditions influence life time. It is prompted by the paradox of Chile: being a developing country with an average level of work productivity, life time in the country is close to developed countries or even overpasses them.